In the little over 3 months we have been answering your questions about all things dental, we have grown by leaps and bounds! In an effort to better serve you (and the entire dental-knowledge-seeking community!), Ask Dr. Sun has moved! Our new home has resulted from our rapid growth, and this new site will allow us to better serve our readers. We are even working on a new layout, with more efficient indexing and easier searching, to find exactly what it is you want! Visit our new site for the same great blogs from Dr. Sun and more to come!
“What About Sports and Mouth Guards?”
If you’re an athlete, you should wear a mouth guard. No matter what type of contact sport is at hand, sports-related dental injuries are extremely common, accounting for more than 600,000 emergency room visits each year alone! Chipped and broken teeth, jaw bone injuries and concussions to the brain are just a few of the many serious injuries athletes face which can be prevented with the use of a mouth guard. If you’re one of 4 million scuba diving enthusiasts, a good fitting mouth piece could prevent jaw joint pain, toothache or gum irritation when coming to the surface. For ultimate performance, a mouth guard will reposition the jaw to properly open the airway and increase the oxygen intake, which can be very beneficial for athletes who posses deep bite issues.
Always wear a mouth guard during sports!
Besides preventing sports injuries [and other benefits of wearing a properly fitted mouth guard], one should look into other aspects of the mouth guard. In particular, the proper cleaning and storing of your mouth guard will prevent it from growing harmful bacteria and mold which could be life-threatening. Noted in a recent dental publication in the September/October 2007 issue of General Dentistry, mouth guards “harbor large numbers of bacteria, yeasts and molds that can possibly lead to life and/or health-threatening infectious/inflammatory diseases.”
The material used in mouth guard construction is not completely solid – like most plastics, the surface of a mouth guard is porous, and can harbor microscopic bacteria if not cleaned and stored properly. If these tiny organisms are allowed to grow and multiply, the mouth guard which is meant to protect you could actually be harming your teeth, gums and bodily health.
To assure a clean and properly functioning mouth guard, both your mouth and the mouth guard should be clean before wearing it. Be sure not to share guards between team members. Once you are finished with the mouth guard, brush it with toothpaste and rinse it under running water. Once the guard has been properly cleaned, store it in an open air container – a sealed space will promote bacterial growth.
Getting your mouth guard over the counter might work for some of you, but it would be best to bring it into your dentist’s office and have it checked for a proper fit – you may need to have a custom piece made. A poorly fitting mouth guard is useless, and your health is invaluable.
“What About Swine Flu?”
Swine Influenza H1N1, more commonly known as Swine Flu, has continued to grow and expand worldwide over the past week, and concerns are (rightly) high about how we can stay healthy and safe. The World Health Organization may even declare swine flu a pandemic! Apart from not gathering in large groups and washing your hands, is there any way you can stay safe?
Transmission of the virus is from human-to-human contact, and all reported cases worldwide have stemmed from some sort of exterior human interaction. A high-running fever (over 100* Fahrenheit), fatigue, headache, vomiting, diarrhea and respiratory problems are among the most common symptoms of having the virus. In attempting to prevent transmission of this virus, be sure to wash your hands frequently and always cover your mouth, preferably with tissues or your forearm instead of your hands when coughing or sneezing (especially if you are in a doctor or dentist office).
Now, how to protect yourself and your loved ones from getting the swine flu or any flu: prevention rules.
1. The first step to fight any flu is prevention. Stay away from people who have caught any disease or have symptoms of it. Avoid public restrooms at all costs. Wash your hands after you touch any public door knobs or hand rails, and wash your hands before you touch your toothbrushes or contact lenses. Use hand sanitizer.
2. Boost your immune system. A healthy lifestyle is always beneficial for your overall health. Eat a proper diet rich in fruits, vegetables and lean proteins, keep yourself well hydrated, exercise, get a good night’s sleep, and keeping a positive attitude are all important. Regarding alternative remedies to boost the immune system and against flu, consider garlic. Cooked garlic has less odor, or you can cut up small pieces and swallow like a pill, or take it in a pill form. Cloves, oregano oil, zinc, echinacea, and vitamin c are few suggestions.
If you are noticing any respiratory problems or prolonged flu symptoms and are running a temperature, schedule a visit with your primary health care physician. Brush and floss twice daily, and after meals (a clean mouth prevents introducing pathogens into your system). If you have a sore throat, gargle with warm salt water and increase your vitamin c intake to around 2000 mg/day. Limit your bad habits like alcohol drinking, smoking as well as your soda intake! Treat your body well and it will do its best to fight outside invaders.
Diet Soda Addiction & Epidemic?
Most people are well aware of soda’s detrimental effects on the teeth (including erosion and bone loss) – but it also is addictive?
The allure of diet soda is obvious for people who are conscious about their figure: it tastes great, it’s refreshing, and has few or no calories. Unfortunately, most of us don’t realize how dangerous the other ingredients in soda really are, even with no sugar. Many diet cola drinkers have a false sense of security that their diets will be successful drinking diet soda, and actually consume more calories because of it. Putting aside the acidic problems with soda and the havoc they wreak on your teeth, gum and bone, let’s look at the caffeine aspect of cola. All dark colas are full of artificial chemicals which can degrade your skin and internal organs over time, but those which are caffeinated present an addictive factor as well. Caffeine addiction can make a person feel downright ill if they don’t receive their “soda fix” – muscle pains, headaches and nervousness are common among soda addicts, and are known as symptomatic withdrawal. Even though withdrawal symptoms are most commonly associated with tobacco and hard drugs, caffeine falls into the addictive drug category as well. Johns Hopkins University, the authoritative leader on mental disorders in the medical world recognized “Caffeine Withdrawal” as an official disorder in 2004. Symptoms usually occur within 12 – 24 hours of halting caffeine intake, and can last for days.
In addition to the caffeine addiction problem with all soda, recent studies have shown that drinking even just one soda a day can raise a person’s risk of developing metabolic syndrome by 48%. Metabolic syndrome drastically increases the likelihood for heart disease and diabetes. Phosphoric acid found in any dark cola is another leading contributor to bone loss among soda drinkers. Combined with the high withdraw rates of caffeine addiction and the problems associated with caffeine withdraw (disturbed eating and sleeping patterns, anxiety and restlessness), drinking even moderate amounts of soda in a day-to-day routine can produce drastically negative effects on a person’s health. This does not even address the detrimental effects of cola acidity on oral health.
In North America, a continent in which 80 – 90% of all adults drink some form of caffeine on a regular basis, this epidemic of sorts has reached maximum capacity. Save your body and your mind – kick the soda habit! You will feel more rested and relaxed throughout your day, your concentration ability will increase and you will be doing a great service to your osteo (bone) and oral health. Drinking diet soda does not guarantee your diet will be successful, and in the long run, will in fact make your body’s health deteriorate. If you must drink diet cola, be sure to drink in moderation! Small amounts, 8oz or less, only once a day! Think about the chemicals and caffeine in the cola you drink, you might think twice!
“Numb and Number, Please?”
“Doc, can I have more Novocaine? I don’t feel very numb.” Of course, it is nice to feel numb before dental surgeries! Have you ever been in a situation in which you had difficulty getting numb?
Local anesthetic is effective in most situations, however approximately 15% of dental patients experience a partial or total lack of numbness after receiving anesthesia injections. This phenomenon usually occurs in the lower jaw, when mandibular bone is too dense for infiltrated anesthetic injections to take, unlike the upper jaw which can receive the anesthetic solution easily. The dental nerve within the lower jaw is essentially buried within the dense bone itself, so it requires a mandibular block injection for proper numbing (numbing which includes the teeth, tongue and lips in the same quadrant).
Variations in the anatomy of the “entry window location” (where the mandibular injection deposits its solution) makes it difficult for some people to receive proper numbing, even when the dentist follows the usual landmarks – don’t blame the dentist right away if your anesthesia doesn’t work! The physiology of each individual varies besides the anatomy, which will lead to different thresholds or reactions to various dental injections. Different dental injection solutions also gives different numbing effects – your dental professional should choose what is most applicable to your situation, usually epinephrine (the blood vessel constrictor) is added to give a better local numbing effect.
Speedy injections or anxious patients can cause a racy heart beat, which could be very uncomfortable. If you’ve had too many cups of coffee or if your blood sugar is low from having not eaten, you may feel uncomfortable after receive the dental injection. The wine from last night can also alter the effectiveness of the numbing. This all makes anesthesia a very delicate science. The technique of the operator (the dental professional) can occasionally be at fault for improper anesthesia, but more likely than not it is a complication with a patient variable. It is important for you to communicate with your dental professionals if you’ve had a history of difficulty with dental anesthetics.
Special oral local anesthetic techniques, such as intraosseous anesthesia, which can enhance deep pulpal anesthesia, may help to increase the numbing sensation. This process injects novocaine directly into the bone marrow – because the needle penetrates the hard cortex of the bone, it penetrates to the jaw’s deepest level and can adequately numb the site. It is important to remember that every mouth can be anesthetized, however because intraosseous anesthesia is considered a specialized procedure, it is important to find a dental professional who is experienced with such techniques.
“Dental Scrap = Recession Cure?”
Do you need some extra cash, especially if you are feeling the squeeze of the credit crunch? Check your drawers and jewelry boxes to find any gold crowns or inlays removed from your mouth, trade in the dental scrap for some pocket change!
Gold fillings are removed
You might have never thought about it, but gold fillings, bridges and other gold dental work is actually worth some money in today’s economy! Gold is one of the few precious metals which has held its value, and many people with scrap fillings lying around the house are turning to jewelers to get money for their gold dental work! They can sell for $30 to $50.
In our office, when offered remaining gold scrap when a patient has old dental work removed, 25% of people say they would like to keep the gold. Some people have these gold teeth lying around, and if you fall under this category, it might be time to change the gold dental scrap to good use. Gold does not corrode in the harsh oral environment, and because of this, it has been a suitable restorative material choice for decades (even though in more recent years, the trend has been towards composite or porcelain material which looks natural against other real teeth). Still, there is plenty dental gold work even today, and even porcelain crowns can be supported with dental gold alloy. While dental gold is usually 12 to 16 karat, not 24 karat, it still fetches a high resale value, up to $900 per ounce in today’s economy! The gold must be treated chemically to remove other metallic substances, but this can be easily done by the jeweler you sell your scrap gold to.
There is one shocking fact you learn from this dental gold rush story – the base tooth is actually separated from the gold cap with your cola drink. Cola is no stranger to criticism from the dental world, its acidic properties can erode your enamel and gum (and even lead to bone loss!) and can wreak havoc in your mouth. If you soak the tooth in a cup of cola for 24-48 hours, the gold cap will separate from the tooth and will be ready for scrapping. Doesn’t this fact make you think twice about drinking cola? The best way to fight recession is get into prevention, take good care of yourself! When you’re healthy, it’s much easier to be productive and move ahead. Let your mouth be your asset instead of liability starting with proper home care and stay away from bad habits and poor diets.
“Do I Need Laughing Gas?”
” May I have some laughing gas please?” is a popular request among the “high anxiety” or “wants to get away” group.
A patient is anesthetized with nitrous oxide.
Nitrous oxide gas (nitrous oxide and oxygen (N20-02)) is affectionately known as “laughing gas” due to its euphoric qualities when inhaled. Discovered in 1772 by Humphrey Davy, he had this to say about its effects: “On the day when the inflammation was the most troublesome, I breathed three large doses of nitrous oxide. The pain always diminished after the first four or five inspirations; the thrilling came on as usual, and uneasiness was for a few minutes swallowed up in pleasure.” When the gas is inhaled (at an approximately 50% nitrous oxide + 50% oxygen dilution), after several minutes nearly all pain dissipates from the body and a euphoric warmth spreads throughout the body. This pleasant feeling is not only pain-reducing, but can calm anxious nerves and relax all but the most fearsome patients. The calming, relaxing and euphoric qualities of nitrous oxide make it a prime candidate for anesthetizing patients who have irrational fears about dental procedures who are unable to get comfortable in the chair. Because laughing gas can be highly effective in treating moderate dental anxieties, nitrous oxide gas can also benefit the dental physician working on a patient – calm environments benefit everyone! Patients with high blood pressure, or who have had heart attacks in the past and are at risk from traditional IV anesthesia are prime candidates for nitrous oxide sedation.
The level of sedation and warmth felt in the body after inhaling nitrous oxide gas depends on the concentration of the dosage, and how long the gas is administered. Because the gas is administered into the lungs, it is saturated into the blood stream very quickly and once the procedure is finished, there are no lingering “hangover” effects, meaning it is safe to drive home without an escort. Local anesthesia is still necessary for the treatment site, but needle-phobia will disappear with laughing gas. If you suffer from dental anxieties and have tried different techniques, seen different dentist and you still can not face dental work with ease, it is worth while for you to try nitrous oxide during your next dental procedure. Have a discussion with your dental professional.
“Do I Need A Root Canal?”
Mark came in with a severe tooth ache, and after an examination, I could see the tooth was severely broken down. The basic options were to either save the tooth – going through root canal therapy and finishing with a post and crown restoration, or to remove the tooth and restore with a dental implant and crown. “Should I save my tooth, or should I pull it!” This is the eternal question!
Root canal therapy (also known as endodontic therapy) is a procedure of treatment for the pulp of a tooth once it has become infected – the inner pulpal material must be removed, in order to protect and decontaminate the tooth from future microbial invasion to the jaw bone. Once a root canal procedure is performed, however, the lack of nutritional supply in the tooth (once the organic tissue is removed from the tooth during the procedure) will render the tooth brittle, the weakened tooth should be reinforced and restored properly, with a post and crown.
Root canal treatment does have a bad reputation due to the pain and the stigma associated with the procedure. Often times, a patient will have a root canal performed and think the procedure was a success, only to have pain and infection return several years down the line. The complexity of the anatomic root variation could be an obstacle and techniques can often be tedious, which is why specialized service is usually performed by a highly trained dentist or endodontist. Special tools like microscopes are also often necessary for a successful procedure. Advanced instrumentation and technique will ensure long-term success.
Regular dental checkups are vital to properly maintain your dental health. If the unhealthy dental condition requires a root canal treatment or an extraction, have your dental professional explain the pros and cons of each option, then make an educated decision. If there is a mystery pain, a 3-D image (Morita Survey of CT scan) would be invaluable for proper diagnosis. Regular dental x-rays are not capable of capturing images of a cracked tooth nor accessory root canals (which are small and difficult to see). These tiny cracks or canal issues can lead to prolonged discomfort, which you may have thought was a figment of your imagination! If the prognosis was poor, or a tooth has broken down so much that it has become unrestorable, extraction and a dental implant might be a more sustainable investment to you dental health. Prevention is always the best treatment! Brush and floss your teeth twice daily and after meals. If you have any dental pain, schedule an appointment with your dentist sooner rather than later.
“What is Smile Design?”
When you smile, the corners of the mouth upturn, eyes begin twinkling and positive emotion radiates. A person’s smile is a pleasant, agreeable part of their appearance and facial characteristics; a person’s smile is the window to their heart!
Dental components like teeth and gum do play an important role in a smile. In today’s society, if a person’s dental components are not healthy or if they do not look right, most will feel far less confident to smile. As cosmetic dentistry has come into a heavier demand in recent years, smile design has become a term used for various clinical treatment plans and for aesthetic improvement. This means smile design: projecting an enhanced smile through alteration of dental components as a practice of cosmetic dentistry. This is a type of comprehensive oral care that combines art and science to greatly improve the aesthetic appearance of the smile, as well as its health and function.
Proper smile design starts with a facial analysis, when the line between the pupils and the horizontal line from the connecting edges of your upper teeth (smile line) are [hopefully] in parallel harmony; the smile line should also harmonize with the upper curvature of the lower lip. Then we evaluate the color, size and alignment of the dental compound, whether it is somewhat in the right places and proportional in relation with the face.
Some of the most common cosmetic procedures include tooth bleaching (or whitening) which enhances the color appearance of your teeth, bonding and veneers or porcelain crowns(which can enhance the outward appearance of a tooth’s color or shape), and gum work (like a gingival plasty, gum contouring or crown lengthening) to harmonize with teeth. Straightening of teeth through adult orthodontics are also a part of cosmetic smile design – not only for improvement of the smile, but to set up a healthier foundation for other cosmetic procedures (or simply to make the mouth easier to clean and maintain).
Laser dentistry is very complimentary to cosmetic dentistry. Laser smile design not only makes common procedures like teeth whitening and gum contouring quick and painless, but because of the laser’s highly focused energy path, very little tissue around the site is disturbed. Procedures are very non-invasive.
Ultimately, cosmetic dentistry and laser smile design could be a great investment if you are not comfortable with your smile or the condition of your teeth (especially if they are worn or broken down, requiring rehablitation or reconstruction). Once you present a confident and happy smile, people will smile back at you and many windows and opportunity will open! Give thought to whether it’s time to have a smile analysis and smile design performed by your dental professional. If you need to find out more about cosmetic dentistry, www.aacd.com can be a referral source.
“Why Is My Tongue Black?!”
Have you ever felt sick, taken some Pepto Bismol and then a while later, had a black tongue? You may be thinking you’ve eaten something strange, or that you are having an allergic reaction! This is actually not a rare side effect of Pepto Bismol however – read on to find out why your tongue is black!
Black Tongue is harmless.
Numerous brands of nausea medication, including Pepto Bismol, have an active ingredient called Bismuth subsalicylate, a multi compound drug useful in treating nausea, heartburn, indigestion, diarrhea, and other temporary discomforts of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract. In a tablet form, Bismuth subsalicylate is meant to be swallowed with water – however, when exposed to the surface of your tongue (from chewing), the drug will often turn the tongue black after several hours, and can last several days. A black tongue and black stools in some users of the drug is not harmful, but the color is produced as a side effect of the drug interacting with saliva and the gastrointestinal tract.
The good news is this discoloration has no adverse affect on your health; there is nothing to worry about if your tongue has gone black or if it is staining your teeth with black strips after taking Pepto Bismol. The stain can be removed easily by thorough brushing or seek help from your dental professional. If a thorough brushing was followed after taking the Pepto Bismo, the staining issue would be eliminated. You must be aware of your body if you have a upset stomach in the first place; getting a good assessment and managing the root of the problem rather than just masking the symptoms should be the overall, long-term goal. Maintain a healthy diet, full of fruit, vegetables and lean proteins to control the PH of your body (which should be neutral or mild alkaline). Getting 7-8 hours of sleep every night will ease and equip your body to deal with the stress. If you do have an upset stomach, have a cup of peppermint or chamomile tea with honey on me, which will help with your upset stomach. We can all work on respecting our body and mind to take better care of ourselves.
Staining due to Pepto Bismol
“How Do I Keep My Tooth Brush Clean?”
We all clean our teeth with tooth brushes, but how do you clean the tooth brush that cleans your teeth?
Keep your tooth brush clean!
Tooth brushes get used cleaning your teeth at least two time daily, and we should all be using toothpaste and water with our brushing. Afterward, we rinse our mouth out and clean our toothbrush under running tap water, shaking off any excess water and then keep the toothbrush upright, allowing it to air dry until next time. Such a cleaning routine is usually adequate for a healthy person. It is good to know however that any toothbrush can harbor millions of bacteria at any given time. The oral cavity itself harbors hundreds of different kinds of microbes and bacterial organisms, which inevitably become transferred onto the toothbrush as you clean your teeth. Most bathrooms also harbor lots of bacteria, which can transfer to your brush if the brush head is contacting any not-so-clean surfaces or another toothbrush. Should you be concerned with sanitizing your tooth brush?
Thankfully, our immune defense mechanism protects against offending microbes, and most bacteria on your tooth brush will pose no health risk to you. Don’t be germ phobic, but it is always good to have few more pointers under your belt regarding how you can keep a cleaner toothbrush. Do not share a toothbrush! Wash your toothbrush before and after each use. It is important to clear all bristles of any remaining toothpaste or food debris to prevent excess bacteria from forming. If you are sick, it’s a good idea to soak your toothbrush in a 3% (standard over-the-counter) solution of hydrogen peroxide for 5-10 minutes to sterilize your cleaning tool. Also, it’s a good idea to have several toothbrushes at your disposal, dried and cleaned and ready to go – rotating toothbrushes can increase their longevity. When storing your toothbrush, make sure to have adequate ventilation to prevent molding or bacteria from forming.
My last tip is to take a good look at your your brush: if the ends of bristles bend , get a new one! Normally, the life span of a is 3 to 4 months; if you have an electric toothbrush check the shape of the bristles (it might be time to replace the brush heads). It’s always easier to stock up a few brushes to assure you’ll always have a good toothbrush available to keep your oral hygiene up to snuff. A clean mouth makes you feel refreshed and keeps your body healthy!
” Latex Allergy?”
Got an itchy nose when you are in the dental chair? Have you felt itchy and red on your cheeks when you last visited your dental professional? You might be hypersensitive or have latex allergies. The reactions are most likely from powdered latex gloves. In recent years, latex allergies have become much more predominant in health care provider offices, meaning people must be aware and knowledgeable about how their bodies react to such materials.
Latex is derived from the Rubber Tree.
Natural rubber latex products (like powdered latex gloves) come from rubber trees located throughout South America and elsewhere. This naturally occurring product contains proteins which are the primary source of allergens. There are different types of adverse reactions that occur with latex gloves: the most common is irritant contact dermatitis, which is not an actual allergy, but a skin reaction to the detergent, additives or powders that cover most latex gloves (usually your skin will appear red, dry and cracked). If it is allergic contact dermatitis, you can get a skin rash after a few hours and up to 48 hours after contact. The non-contact exposure to airborne particles when removing the gloves can cause signs and symptoms similar to those of hay fever or asthma. An actual latex allergy is a systemic allergic reaction which is caused by IgE antibodies in the blood to the proteins in natural latex. The response is immediate, such as itching, redness, swelling, sneezing and wheezing; the most serious reactions can be a life threatening and result in anaphylactic shock .
If you do have a latex allergy , be sure to communicate with your health provider, because there are alternatives. Because health care providers are repeatedly exposed to latex quite frequently, they are at a higher risk factor of developing latex allergies – as many as 17% of all health care providers are estimated to have latex allergies. Also, the allergy-causing proteins in latex are found in foods (such as avocado, banana, chestnut, kiwi and passion fruit) – so you might be allergic both latex and some related food.
There is no cure for a latex allergy, although medications are available to reduce the symptoms of latex allergies like antihistamines. If a severe reaction occurs, you will need an emergency injection of adrenaline (epinephrine). For those prone to anaphylaxis, an epi-pen should be carried at all times. The best treatment is prevention, avoid all products that contain latex and ask for advise from your doctor who might be able to suggest ways you can avoid latex in your daily life. Keep identification on you that clearly alerts others of any allergies you have, choose alternative products, and inform your health care professional of any developments.
“Why Metal Taste?”
“Dr. Sun, can you check why I taste metal in my mouth? I have no metal fillings; I checked on line, and I’m afraid I might have a cavity or gum infection!” So, I checked, and the oral department was cleared.
” Your mouth is healthy, tell me what has changed in your life?”
” I lost my job, I’ve been taking anti depressants and Ambien for sleep, but I had a physical exam that was fine.”
“Have you been good to yourself, healthy diet, taking supplements, exercising and proactive on job hunting?”
“Ha! Funny, Dr. Sun, I was going to ask you for a job! I exercise, but not eating well and maybe drinking more.”
“Well, keep yourself in the best condition. The metallic taste has lot to do with the medications you are taking; poor diet and alcohol intake don’t help either. My advise to you is be positive, count your blessings, teat yourself right, maintain a healthy diet, cut down on alcohol and keep up your good oral hygiene. You may rinse your mouth with warm salt water or rinse with warm water with added baking soda (1/4 teaspoon to 8 oz warm water) to neutralize the taste. Also talk to your physician about this, see whether GERD or other gastrointestinal issues play a role.”
It is common to get the funny taste in your mouth (dysgeusia), it might taste metallic, acidic or bitter, it usually goes away on its own, but if is lasts more than two weeks, consult with your health care professional.
Dysgeusia is related to a multitude of adverse health conditions. It is a sign of imbalanced body chemistry, associated with changes of your physical, mental or oral condition: medication and diet also are contributing factors. Starting with the mouth, make sure there is no caries, infection or poor oral hygiene. Think about whether you are taking prescription medications to treat hypertension and anxiety, (like lithium) antibiotics, antidepressant or others which may cause the metallic taste. The last would be possible physical illness likes cancer, a peptic ulcer, food allergies, or excessive metal elements (iron, copper, iodine, mercury, selenium, lead) in your body. Effects of radiation therapy may also cause dysgeusia.
Get a good assessment of the condition, then improve your health and feel better. Apart from consulting with your health care professional, do your part of eating right. Keep up good and clean habits, including oral hygiene, balanced stress level and a positive life outlook. You can also try brushing / scraping the tongue, rinsing with herbal mouth wash (like Tooth & Gum tonic), or swishing with warm salt water or baking soda rinse to neutralize the metallic taste.
Oral Cancer
Cancer is devastating, never a pleasant life experience. We can work on prevention and early detection to fight the cancer. Oral cancer kills roughly one person per hour in America, more than 34,000 Americans will be diagnosed this year and only half will be alive in 5 years. If you expand the oral cancer to the larynx and the data to world wide, over 400,000 new cases are found each year according to the Oral Cancer Foundation.
Of the many known risk factors associated with oral cancer, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption are the most common. When you smoke tobacco or drink alcohol, the harmful substances introduced to your body have adverse effects on your organs, and are both addictive and linked to numerous types of cancers, not just oral cancer. There are 50 known carcinogens and among 4000 different chemicals in cigarette tobacco smoke, 9 out of every 10 oral cancer patients are smokers. Frequent drinking will dramatically increase the ability of cancer-causing substances present in alcoholic beverages to penetrate the lining of your mouth, such as Acetaldehyde – which forms in a person’s mouth after using alcoholic mouthwash (suspected to be carcinogenic). Human Papilloma Virus, (HPV) is another common contributor to oral cancer. Common symptoms of the beginning stages of oral cancer include rough bumps or patchy legions on the lips or tongue, or any part of the mouth, white sores which are sensitive to temperature and pressure, and difficulty swallowing.
Unfortunately, most oral cancer cells are malignant and can rapidly spread to surrounding tissues (most of these cases were found in a late stage). Early detection is essential to increasing the chances of successfully treating oral cancer. There are several ways to screen for oral cancer, an advanced and non-invasive way to screen is through use of the VELscope, which produces a fluorescent light onto oral tissues. If the fluorescent luminescence reflects off of the oral tissue, no cancer is present. Cancerous tissue will absorb the light and appear dark on the device. There are other methods for oral cancer screenings also, be sure to request one at your next dental check-up visit, especially if you fall into the high risk group of being male, over 40, who smokes and drinks.
If detected early, oral cancer patients have up to a 90% survival rate. The key to preventing oral cancer is to lead a healthy lifestyle and have regular checkups with both your dental and general health care professional.
“White Wine Effect?”
Respite with Chardonnay, sip the stress away! It’s carefree time. On the other side of the coin, white wine can also make your cosmetic dentist frown for your dulling smile. We are talking about the tooth stain effect from white wine – what’s that, you ask? White wine stains your teeth? You probably are already aware that certain foods can cause staining and discoloration to your teeth – but many foods or beverages without a strong or dark color (which look innocent) can still cause stains on your teeth.
White wine can stain your teeth - just like red wine!
A new NYU study shows white wine has an acid content that tends to increase the risk of stain or darkening of your teeth, if combined with other habits of drinking tea, or similar dark beverages. Do not be fooled by the crystal clear appearance of a white wine – it certainly is capable of dulling your teeth. Certain acidic properties present in wine (white, red or rose) create micro-porosity etching rough the surface of your teeth, which make your teeth much more susceptible to stains from other foods. For example, if you were to drink a glass of white wine with your spaghetti dinner, the acidic properties in the white wine could make your teeth more prone to staining from the red spaghetti sauce in your meal, or the cup of tea after the dinner beside your wine! Red wine is still more “dangerous” to the pearly opalescence of your teeth than white, however, as it contains pigment molecules known as chromagen, which will stain your teeth., but all wines contain tannins act as a binding protein, which will aid chromogen to saturate themselves upon the surface of the tooth.
Sodas and other beverages like ice tea and cocktails can wreak havoc upon your teeth as well, and not just the color! Stringent acids or sugars (turned into acids) present in most sodas (and acidic fruit juice, like lemonade) are the worst type of liquid to expose your teeth to, and can cause tooth erosion and tooth decay. A bleaching effect of phosphoric acid in the soda can also weaken your bone in addition to their staining properties. If you must drink any of these liquids, be sure to brush and floss after every meal – or at the very least, rinse your mouth or have a glass of water. Do not allow your oral environment stay in an acid bath! If you can feel astringency or drying of the mouth, drink some water and rinse your mouth before brushing to prevent rubbing the acid into your teeth.
Please enjoy your glass of wine, just be wise about the consequences! Yes, we can still keep your healthy and clean looking smile if we keep up the good oral hygiene habits. You can always consult with your dental professional for tips.
“Laughter as Medicine”
Is there a hidden secret to beat the economic crunch on health care? Ha Ha Ha! Laughter is one’s best nature’s medicines! Research has shown that laughter offers tremendous health benefits, from strengthening the immune system to increase the pain threshold. Laughter is one of the body’s most common natural responses to stress management, setting in early in a person’s life. A child can laugh before he/she can speak! But how many of us have forgotten how to laugh? Hopefully very few!
This is “National Humor Month,” it reminds me to talk about how important laughter is and its ability to chase the blues away. Laughter is a real, beneficial preventative medicine which helps us deal with overarching stress. In particular, cortisol is a stress hormone involved in your body’s responses to anxiety. Laughter can reduce this hormone’s secretion levels and also increase your endorphin levels, which counter stressful reactions and bring about relief and a sense of power. Chronic pain sufferers will benefit dramatically from increased endorphin levels.
Stress kills, and a stressful mind can lead to a stressed mouth: gritting and clenching your teeth lead by stress can break your teeth and dental restorations, breaking down the periodontal structure, leading to an increased susceptibility to gum disease. Stressed pulp can lead to root canals – no laughing matter!
We need to laugh to fight our stress and stay healthy! When you laugh deeply, many groups of muscles get a workout, including your diaphragm, shoulders, and abs. Have you ever laughed so hard you almost ran out of breath? I love that feeling! University of Maryland researchers have also found that laughter increases blood vessel dilation (a 35% increase in dilation of the brachial artery was observed after 20 minutes of laughter) – increasing blood flow is always a good thing! Japanese researchers have even found preliminary research data showing laughter could potentially reduce glucose levels, a good thing for diabetes sufferers and non-sufferers alike!
Laughing is also an important factor of your dental health, as laughter can increase your blood flow and circulation! When this happens in the oral cavity, saliva flow is stimulated (dry mouth can cause gum recession and halitosis) which prevents problems associated with a dry oral cavity. Blood flow will also keep your gum healthy and prevent periodontitis. When you are about to visit your dentist, bring a comic book or watch a funny movie on your iPod! Think of funny things to talk about with your dentist.Bring a light mood into the dentist’s chair will not only benefit your health, but your stress levels will reduce and you will have a more relaxing, holistic experience.
If you have a serious health condition, dental or otherwise, it is of course always necessary to visit your physician or dental care professional – however, laughter could be just the right preventative medicine you need to lift your spirits or even your physical health! Tell a joke, laugh a little – you’ll live longer!
“Diabetes and Dental problem?”
Diabetes is a serious health condition for a large segment of the population, which can cause problem of your eyes, heart, kidneys, nerves and blood vessels. Los Angeles (the city I live and love) has the highest diabetes-related amputation rate in the country! My father-in-law had a diabetes-related stroke, hitting close to home how the consequences of diabetes can be quite severe. There are many varied effects on oral health due to the diabetes condition, including periodontal disease (gum disease), tooth decay, salivary gland dysfunction, fugal infection , delay and poor healing and taste impairment. I get pretty apprehensive when treating diabetic patients, especially when dental implants are called for, or surgical procedures were needed, because of the delayed and poor healing associated with diabetes. It is important to keep your health history updated and inform your dental professional if you are diabetic, whether or not the management of the condition is under control.
When diabetes is not controlled properly, excess glucose can attach to proteins in the blood vessels and alter their normal structure and function; the thicker and less elastic vessels lead to poor circulation and reduce the body’s resistance to infection (leading to gum infection). High glucose levels in your saliva will promote bacteria growth also. When this happens, your oral environment becomes much more susceptible to cavities, infection and gum disease. It is important if you are diabetic to keep up with your oral hygiene, as proper brushing and flossing can help prevent periodontitis, which can compromise the gum and bone and lead to tooth loss. Poor circulation due to diabetes can decrease blood supply to the gums, causing dry mouth which is more susceptible to disease as well (tooth decay, gingivitis , periodontitis, or fungal infection).
It is important to learn about your body, manage the diabetic condition through diet, exercise and medication under the care of your physician, see your dental professional regularly (twice or three times a year) for cleaning and check ups. All in all, if you are on top of your oral hygiene (brush and floss after every meal), control your blood glucose levels and visit your dentist regularly, you should be in good health. Schedule an appointment with your dental professional if you suspect your diabetes may be adversely affecting your oral health!
” Smoking & Drinking Your Teeth Away!”
There is no way around it: smoking and drinking have a detrimental effect on your dental health, in addition to the rest of your body’s health. There could be arguments about the benefits of a glass of red wine or the medical use of marijuana, but as your health provider, my message is to encourage a clean , healthy drug-free way of living! When you smoke tobacco or drink alcohol, the harmful substances introduced to your body have adverse effects on your organs, and are both addictive and linked to cancers. As far as to your dental health, they can lead to tooth staining and discoloration, tooth decay, gum inflammation and disease, bone loss even tooth loss, as well as an increased risk of developing oral cancer.
Smoking and drinking directly passes foreign material through the oral cavity, generating adverse effects on your oral cavity. Alcohol is a desiccant (drying things up); heavy drinking dramatically decreases moisture needed to maintain a healthy oral cavity. A dry mouth increases one’s likelihood of developing tooth decay, gum disease, bad breath, fungal infection, burning sensations or soreness of the mouth. Alcohol’s acidic nature can also erode the enamel coating on a drinker’s teeth, leading to an increased chance of sensitivity and decay. Long-term contact with alcohol in the oral cavity has also been found to be possibly carcinogenic. Frequent drinking will dramatically increase the ability of cancer-causing substances present in alcoholic beverages to penetrate the lining of your mouth, such as Acetaldehyde – which forms in a person’s mouth after using alcoholic mouthwash (suspected to be carcinogenic).
Long exposure to alcohol has led to deep gum recession and bone loss.
Smoking is equally detrimental to your oral health. Bad breath (halitosis), sinusitis and tooth discoloration will be the first signs of oral stress of a smoker, as nicotine and tar present in cigarette smoke stains the teeth. Smoking can also result in gum disease, leading to bone loss and tooth loss from decreases in blood flow and oxygen level, and increased plaque and tartar build-up. Smoking also raises the temperature of your mouth to 140-160º F, causing constant irritation and inflammation. An increased risk of developing oral cancer is also a consequence which should not to be over looked – there are 4000 different chemicals in tobacco smoke and 50 are known carcinogens. Nearly 90% of all oral cancer patients are smokers!
Smoke exposure has deteriorated this oral cavity.
In all, smoking and drinking equally wreak havoc on your teeth, gums and oral environment. Avoid smoking and drinking at all costs, and keep your oral hygiene in tip-top condition by brushing , flossing , fluoridation, proper nutrition, and increasing the intake of supplements of vitamin Bs and C. Antioxidants are essential as well.
“Do I Have a Gummy Smile?”
Do you have a gummy smile? Do your teeth appear too small, or there is too much gum showing? Aesthetic crown lengthening is a procedure which could improve your smile if you selectively decide to change the proportion of your teeth and gum.
Before Lengthening:
After Lengthening:
Your teeth are secured to your jaw via root structures that extend from the teeth into jaw bone. This bone is protected by the gums, which extends down over the top of the tooth root structure. Excess gum tissue poses no health risk, but can be unsightly and make your teeth look tiny or not as harmony with your face. Aesthetic crown lengthening remedies this condition by trimming away excess gum (and in some cases bone), reducing the amount of display of gum and lengthening the visible crown of the tooth. Gingival (gum) contouring (like a gingival plasty or soft tissue crown lengthening) refers to trimming of the gum tissue only. Most crown lengthenings refer to the recontouring of both the gum and supporting bone (osseous crown lengthening), when there is more length of the tooth is desired.
Traditionally, crown lengthening is performed with scalpel and mechanical rotary tool which trim and flap open the gum also trim away some bone tissue. This mechanical force results unfavorable inflammatory response of the periodontal tissues and taking up to 8 weeks to heal. The tissue must fully heal before restorations can take place. This procedure is often daunting to many patients!
Thankfully, new technology in the laser dentistry field has made aesthetic crown lengthening much easier and less invasive. By using a small fiber optic tip, laser energy can be manipulated to trim or ablate away tissues , disturbing the surrounding environment much less than traditional mechanical rotary instruments. The less invasive procedure means less pain, quicker healing and less trauma. The body does not react violently to laser treatment as it does blunt mechanical treatment!and often time the restorative work can be initiate quickly or even at the same visit. In some cases, crown lengthening alone can get you desirable bigger smile,but often time , the restorative work like bonding, veneers or crowns are called for the needed improvement or protection on dental structure.
When gingival contouring or crown lengthening is performed – but left with a compromised biological width (2 to 3mm is necessary for safe formation of a protective zone from the gum border to the bone) - gum tissue will stay inflammed and grow back after several months. It is important to have an experienced dental professional for proper diagnosis before getting your gum trimmed. Find a dental professional who been properly trained using lasers for a more comfortable surgical experience (www. Laserdentistry.org). The design of the smile and the shaping of the gum line both need an aesthetic touch (apart from solid surgical technique), so it is equally important for the dental professional have aesthetic background to assure the best aesthetic result (www. aacd.com).
“What is Laser Gum Treatment?”
Laser Gum treatment is an exciting treatment modality for treating and managing gum disease. Laser dentistry has been around for two decades, it is very useful in many applications on soft or hard tissues: the focused energy allows for precision treatment while minimizing pain and recovery time. Although only 6 to 7% of dental practices utilize laser technology so far, you may benefit greatly from laser dentistry.
Periodontal disease in particular is a fantastic candidate for laser treatment. The nature of periodontitis (gum disease) involves bacterial growth which affects the supporting structures of the teeth, destroying attachment tissues which create deep periodontal pockets that are not easily cleanable (causing the gum disease to progress). Gum tissue responds very well to laser energy, which removes diseased linings in the periodontal pocket and also kills the bacteria. The laser-tissue interaction is thermal, controlled energy from the selected tip of the laser fiber will evaporate the inflamed unhealthy lining tissue ; its rising temperature will also kill any pathogen present in the tissue. The clean and less traumatic site becomes more efficient and comfortable for your healing. Other benefits of laser treatment include biostimulation (photo-biomodulation) on the cellular level , which energizes damaged cells through light receptors , allowing tissue to heal promptly!
The laser gum treatment is usually administered in conjunction with traditional scaling and root planning (SRP) services, performed with ultrasonic or hand instruments that remove toxic calculus from the root surface. Unlike more traditional methods which use a scaler to scrape away diseased tissue, the laser approach treats the diseased tissues with electromagnetic energy to ablate diseased tissues non-evasively, followed by irrigation with antiseptic solution (chlorhexidine) to flush away and clean the periodontal pockets. For more severe cases, localized placement of certain antibiotic agents (like Arestin minocycline hydrochloride) inside the treated periodontal pocket can assure a complication-free healing process without systemic effects. Low level laser therapy can also be applied to decrease post-operative discomfort and promote healing through photo-biomodulation.
Laser gum treatment has provided tremendous patient benefits as I have witnessed since it has been incorporated into my practice since 1997, but this treatment modality has raised some eyebrows in the periodontal community. It is difficult to establish a parameter with energy and expect to have consistent result on different subjects; there are too many variables from the color, texture, composition and condition of the tissues, whether the origin of the cause has been managed and how the different laser energy is handled by various operators. There are studies which have proven different results, and over-promising commercials also exist which have discouraged development of laser gum treatment.
When properly conducted, laser gum treatment provides a cleaner and more comfortable site for healing. The predictability of tissue regeneration, however, is too complicated for a blog discussion! I do recommend you go to a reliable, non-biased source like The Academy of Laser Dentistry to learn more about the benefits of laser treatment or referrals of certified laser dentists.
“Will the Toothache Just Disappear?”
It really sounded like wishful thinking, but it’s true that sometimes tooth discomfort does go away on its own.
Tooth sensitivity is a problem that many, many people suffer from caused by a multitude of reasons – but does it merit a visit to your dentist? Yes, it is in your best interest to receive a proper diagnosis. This will allow you to make an educated plan of action to have a trouble-free healthy mouth.
In some situations, the toothache or sensitivity comes and goes and is most likely a reversible inflammatory response of the tooth. Once the irritant is removed, the symptoms subside. The transient inflammation of the pulpal tissue (within the tooth) or the gum could reverse on its own because our body is capable of repairing and regenerating itself at a molecular and cellular level. As long as irritating and / or destructive factors are controlled (such as thermal, bacterial, mechanical and chemical forces) and your body is in healthy shape, your body should do its job and heal properly. At the inflammatory stage, diagnosis will rely on a clinical exam (visual and instrumental exploration, and a tooth vitality test), as well as your oral history and x-rays.
Once you have properly diagnosed your source of pain, a solution can be found. If the exam shows your tooth already has irreversible pulpitis or infection, a root canal will likely be advised. If the toothache is from decay or damaged, insufficient tooth structure, the tooth should be cleaned and restored. If the sensitivity is from gum recession and root exposure, fluoride desensitization, gum grafts or the wearing of a night guard (if bruxism or TMJ is a contributing factor) may be recommended. If you are going through orthodontic treatment (braces) or are in a transitional stage of dental treatment, ask your dental professional to check if something can be improved to make you feel better. If you have a poor diet or drink soda or alcohol, acidic erosion is likely stripping your tooth structure away, exposing dentin and causing sensitivity. Poor oral hygiene and plaque retention is also likely a factor (your mouth is like an acid bath to your teeth in this situation).
Perhaps the most important factor in preventing (and treating) sensitivity is controlling your oral environment and the destructive forces that lie within. If you suffer from night grinding, wear a night guard. If dentin and root exposure has already occurred, wearing a night guard and using desensitizing fluoride toothpaste will promote forming of secondary dentin which will block out the dentinal tubules (which conducts sensitivity) and work as a barrier to protect the tooth. Sensitivity can caused by caries decay – a cavity. Of course, cavities need to be treated by a dental professional, but if you are able to find the source of your discomfort before a cavity develops, you will be on the fast track to good health. A proper diet and oral hygiene will also vastly improve your oral health and reduce risk of decay – brush and floss twice a day, and after meals!
Learn your body inside and out, and reflect. Take time each day to notice how you feel, and if your health has shifted for the better or worse. If you feel you have a weakness in your mouth, think about what the cause is, diagnose the problem, and find a solution. Ask questions and learn from your dental professional , contol of your dental health is in your hand!
“No Drill Dentistry?”
“No more drill?” was an exciting news headliner in May of 1997, implying that with Er:YAG dental lasers, drills were no longer necessary for treating cavities! A decade later, we can re-evaluate or validate the pros and cons of cavity treatment with dental lasers.
In recent years, lasers have been utilized for providing precise, less-painful, clean and miraculous medical and dental procedures. In dentistry, various treatments on soft tissues (like aesthetic gum contouring, gum treatment for gingivitis and periodontal disease, apthous ulcers, frenectomies, biopsies and more) are precisely performed and heal faster with less discomfort than traditional treatments. Surgeries can be done in a very clean and fairly bloodless field. Lasers have also been used to aid in faster and more efficient tooth whitening procedures. Later exploration into how lasers can be utilized in the dental field have revealed hard tissue applications, including tooth and bone.
How does laser energy work with our body? The laser-tissue interaction can be looked at by identifying the laser’s characteristics. The laser wavelength (which has a very specific peak absorption curve) is attracted to certain tissues or elements. Our body, as a recipient site receiving the laser energy, is composed of different structures and elements. The best and most efficient results occur when the perfect match is found between the laser’s energy and the target tissue.
Since erbium energy (Er:YAG) is attracted to water and hydroxylapatite (tooth and bone elements), and decayed tooth structures are full of moisture, the laser energy reacts to your decayed tooth structure much quicker than your healthy tooth structure. This means the decayed tooth structure can be ablated away efficiently. The process happens precisely at the target tissue (the cavity), energy does not travel beyond this site – this means the tooth will not react to the process, resulting in less irritation than a traditional dental drill (which carries mechanical vibration and heat, causing irritation to the teeth)!
In comparison, when it comes to restorative dentistry, rotary instruments (like a traditional drill) are still easier, faster and more predictable in creating specific tooth shapes to receive dental restorations, and rotary instruments have been improved, combining elements of both air and electricity, giving better torque energy, less vibration and less noise.
When discussing the removal of decayed tooth structure , the erbium laser is still a wonderful tool to create a sterile, clean site. Obtaining a laser solely for removing tooth decay, however, is not feasible.So there is few dentists offer such service. Erbium lasers are very useful for bone and soft tissue procedures (water component), dental implant recovery surgeries, and aesthetic crown lengthening (eliminating a gummy smile).Hopefully when you need such services can receive the benefits what laser dentistry can offer.
Dentistry is continuously evolving. New technology, new techniques, new prospects – it’s exciting! Get excited about your opportunity to get better dental service, ask your dental professional “what’s new!” Get the whole team excited about what benefits we can all receive from all the new and advanced technology available to us today.
“What Toothpaste Should I Use?”
Toothpaste (or a gel dentifrice) is something most of us take for granted – it’s always there when we need it, and most of us don’t give much thought to what it’s made of. With the toothpaste market as big as it is, with many different products promising different effects, it can be a tough job to choose which pea sized potion will give you a dazzling smile, kissable breath, rid you of dental sensitivity, or fight against dental and gum disease.
Toothpaste is a cleansing agent used to clean your teeth and aid in the elimination of halitosis (bad breath). The main cleaning is done with the mechanical friction effect from brushing with your toothbrush. Toothpaste acts as a lubricant, easing the friction of the brush’s bristles on your teeth and gum. A modern toothpaste does incorporate several key elements, so in your two minute “good brushing routine with a pea size potion,” you can do quite a bit of good for your mouth. Toothpaste has abrasives to scour off bacterial films, it has fluorides to harden tooth structures against decay. It can also contain different active ingredients serving various purposes, such as triclosan (an antibacterial agent which fights against plaque-forming microbes), pyrophosphate (a tartar control agent), potassium nitrate (desensitizer), carbomide peroxide (bleaching agent) and sodium lauryl sulfates (detergent and foaming agent to carry away debris).
Some ingredients like lauryl sulfates can irritate soft tissues, or allergic reactions with certain people (often replaced with lauryl sarcosinate). There are many other inactive ingredients in toothpaste, like thickeners which serve for the right viscosity and moisture of the paste, water softener to make detergent work better, flavor and sweetener for a more pleasant brushing experience. Wow, there are too many chemicals in that little bit of paste! If you prefer a more holistic approach for your oral hygiene, you may choose all-natural products like Tooth & Gums paste (which are antibacterial but contain no artificial chemicals).
Other things about the marketing slogan “Teeth Whitening” – this simply means removing surface stains, not actually whitening the color of your teeth. Make sure your children do not consume any fluoride-containing toothpaste, only use as a topical agent. After brushing, be sure to rinse well. If you still have questions about which toothpaste is right for you, consult with your dental professional!
“Which Toothbrush Should I Get?”
” Which toothbrush should I get?”
The toothbrush is, of course, an essential tool for keeping your teeth clean and plaque-free, but there are many types of toothbrushes available for use. The structure of your mouth is very intricate, including soft gum tissue, hard enamel, various crevices and spaces where food can hide, etc – and every person’s mouth is different, and responds differently to various types of brushes. How do you pick the right toothbrush for you?
If you get perfect dental check-up scores, do not have any type of gum sensitivity issues nor any other dental problems, you can probably keep your present hygiene routine. An over-the-counter toothbrush will normally suffice for people with normal gums and teeth if you are using it properly. If you have a history of dental and gum issues, special care is needed. You may need more than one toothbrush (different sizes and shapes of brush heads and tips) to adequately clean between your teeth and restorative material, such as a specialty brush shaped to accommodate dental restorations.
What about electric toothbrushes? There are many toothbrushes on the market, available both over-the-counter and from your dentist, which advertise a much deeper cleaning than what a manual toothbrush can provide. Keep in mind that an inexpensive battery-operated toothbrush often lacks the torque (twisting power) needed to adequately clean your teeth, remove plaque and remove biofilm; If you have children who refuse to brush their teeth, an electric toothbrush might be a fun way to encourage proper oral hygiene!
The more advanced electric toothbrushes, with proper technique, can clean your teeth more effectively than manual brushes. Manual brushing often does not do a good enough job at removing plaque than electric toothbrushes from your dentist (prescription electric toothbrushes like Rotadent, what I recommend to my patients has micro-filaments bristles with different tips). These brushes allow more advanced brushing techniques with different brush head attachments to accommodate different parts of the mouth, and have the necessary torque to properly clean your oral environment. If you have any of the following conditions, you should equip yourself with a better toothbrush for better oral health: orthodontic braces, gum problems, dental implants, dental bridges, arthritis, etc…
No matter what type of toothbrush you have, remember that it is necessary to spend two minutes brush at least twice a day, and after meals. The food caught between your teeth can start producing harmful bacteria only 5 minutes after eating (which is why you should bring a toothbrush to school or work every day)! Because every mouth is different, and certain tooth angles (and dental work) require special brushing or special brushes, consult with your dental professional. Besides brushing, flossing, tongue scraping, rinsing, and irrigation are all important steps to get your mouth’s environment as squeaky clean as it can be. It is a lot of work to keep yourself in top condition, but it will become second nature. You deserve paying your mouth so much attention – for your own health!
“Is an Amalgam Filling Safe?”
“Can I get rid of my black fillings?”
This question will only come from people born before Generation Y (after which has only received white composite fillings). Dental amalgam is a silvery dental restorative material most widely used for filling cavities up until the end of Generation X, which is made by mixing mercury (about 50%) with a metallic alloy powder (silver, tin, copper). Over time, in harsh oral environments, these fillings get tarnished, and can be oxidized to a black or dirty silvery color. Amalgam has been used for over 100 years as a standard filling material, for its durability and easy handling properties. However, its usage has declined due to its detrimental health effect, undesirable aesthetic appearance and its tendency to weaken tooth structure. Composite fillings (quartz filler in a medium resin) are now the restorative material of choice for dentists and patients alike. If you have an amalgam filling, however, should you be concerned?
Composite fillings are white in color and blend in naturally with your existing teeth. Composite fillings also stay within the tooth (with chemical adhesion), so the dentist only needs to remove the tooth decay then fill, a very conservative treatment for the tooth structure. Amalgam fillings rely on mechanical retention within the tooth, so the dentist must remove decay as well as shave the tooth to a certain form to receive the amalgam, involving more tooth reduction and more weakening of the tooth over long term usage. Also, composite material does not contain mercury, one of the possibly negative characteristics of amalgam. Sweden, Norway and Finland have all outlawed dental amalgam due to these concerns.
If you do have amalgam fillings, should you have them removed? If the tooth shows signs of stress, like crack lines – or if your fillings look tarnished showing an unstable chemical reaction, you might choose to have your amalgam replaced with composite. If the size of the filling or the condition of the tooth warrants it, or if you believe the tooth would be better protected with other porcelain restorations like inlays or crowns, you need to speak with your dentist and arrange for an evaluation. Ultimately, dental amalgam has been a controversial topic surrounding health for decades, but it is important to know, if you are healthy and the fillings are in good condition, it is probably unnecessary to have your amalgam fillings hurriedly replaced. When it is time to update your fillings after your dental professional has made a recommendation, however, treatment options like composite fillings, gold or porcelain inlays, or porcelain crowns for example would be presented to you depending on the clinical evaluation. Have a discussion with your dental professional and make an educated decision to get yourself a better looking (and healthier) mouth.
“I Have Canker Sores!”
When you stay up way too late you might find pimples on your face and canker sores in your mouth – never fun to get! This painfully annoying little mouth sore – also known as an aphthous ulcer, can be quite bothersome to your eating and speaking actions for days. Thankfully, you can still kiss your loved ones with a canker sore, which are not contagious, different from viral cold sores (also known as a fever blister) caused by the herpes virus. Both are ulcerative sores in the mouth, but canker sores occur on the soft tissue inside the mouth. Cold sores tend to be on the outside of the mouth, around the lips.
Canker sores can arise for many reasons; the most common are stress factors, like a lack of sleep. Stress can wear down your body’s immune system, making your oral environment more susceptible to ulceration. Food allergies or sensitivities (to acidic fruits or toothpaste containing sodium lauryl sulfate for example) can trigger canker sore formation. The environment you are in can also stress your body and cause canker sores, like being in extreme heat or cold. Deficiencies in iron, folic acid, zinc or vitamin B12 will lead to a nutritional imbalance in your body, making you more susceptible to canker sores. Bacterial infection, hormonal imbalances and hereditary issues can all be causative factors. Finally, dental appliances or procedures which place pressure in specific parts of your mouth (like braces) can cause canker sores. Some physicians have theorized that canker sores are actually hereditary, but extensive research on this topic has not yet taken place.
So what do you do if you have a canker sore? Improve your lifestyle! If you are able to extend your sleep cycle to between 7 and 8.5 hours of sleep nightly, maintain a balanced diet and master “stress management” at work, school and at home, your canker sore frequency will decrease. Canker sores are your body’s way of telling you to slow down and re-evaluate! Luckily, most canker sores will heal within 14 days (albeit painfully), unless your immune system was compromised. If you have a canker sore, avoid contact with it. Any unnecessary stimulation to the site can cause you to say ouch! Avoid spicy or acidic foods as this will further irritate the site. Make sure you are eating a well balanced diet, take supplements like vitamin B and C, and reduce your acidic fruit intake.
There are topical agents which can relieve canker sore symptoms, such as Milk of Magnesia, kenalog in orabase, tetracycline, suspension or low-level-laser-therapy (LLLT). Non-alcoholic mouthwash can also reduce the frequency of canker sores. If you do suffer from severe, frequent or lingering canker sores, speak with your dental professional or your primary health care physician. Remember, the best path to a healthy, ulcer-free mouth is proper oral hygiene, a healthy lifestyle (including quality sleep) and a healthy, balanced diet – if you take care of your body, you can enjoy your quality of life even more.
“Can My Dentist Alleviate Sleep Apnea?”
Have you ever woken up feeling tired? Have you ever fallen asleep while driving? Even if you went to sleep early last night? Do you snore? Sleep apnea could be playing a role. There are countless undiagnosed and untreated cases of sleep apnea in our society (which have been linked to car accidents and machinery accidents from sufferers of sleep apnea, causing operator error).
The most common type of sleep apnea is obstructive sleep apnea. It is a disorder in which a person periodically pauses breathing during sleep (usually an average of 10 seconds). This is usually associated with a reduction in blood oxygen saturation, which can lead to drowsy and excessive sleepiness during the day. Obstructive sleep apnea can also endanger your cardiovascular system.
The airway can become obstructed at several sites. The upper airway can be obstructed by excess tissue in the airway, large tonsils, a large tongue and/or a retruded lower jaw. Usually, the airway muscles are relaxing and collapsing during sleep in this case. Nasal congestion or blockages (as a deviated septum), large turbinate and collapsed nostrils can cause your throat and tongue muscles to contract at night. Ask your partner to observe you sleep if you are in doubt, and keep a sleep diary every night, recording when you fall asleep, when you wake up, if you recall any trouble breathing during the night and how refreshed you feel when you wake. Speak with a sleep specialist to have a sleep test.
If you do have sleep apnea, what does it mean? Depending on the type and severity of your sleep apnea, it could spell some very dangerous health effects, and could even be life-threatening. The main effects of sleep apnea are daytime drowsiness (sleep deprivation) and oxygen deprivation. Depriving your brain of oxygen while sleeping is particularly dangerous and can result in heart disease, high blood pressure, sexual dysfunction, and learning/memory problems. Some sufferers of sleep apnea report short term memory loss, as a result of oxygen deprivation during sleep.
Mild sleep apnea is usually treated by some behavioral changes. Losing weight and sleeping on your side is often recommended. There are several oral or dental devices that can help keep the airway open – most are for bringing your lower jaw forward, or elevating your soft palete to retrain the tongue from falling back, blocking the airway. Moderate to severe sleep apnea is usually treated with a CPAP system (continuous positive airway pressure) which straps around your head and ventilates oxygen into your respiratory system, ensuring a clear breathing pathway during sleep. There are surgical innovations, such as LAUP (laser assisted uvulo-plasty) as well as radio-frequency somnoplasties and radio-frequency volumetric reductions of the palate or tongue to help alleviate severe sleep apnea.
Behavioral modifications can also be advised from your dental professional to treat obstructive sleep apnea, after it has been diagnosed. Besides losing weight and sleeping on your side and controlling your allergies, a properly designed dental appliance can help you get healthier sleep. Your bed partner might get more peaceful sleep as well!
“Can Autistic Children Handle Braces?”
Looking at CJ’s handsome face (and adorable smile), I felt blessed to be working with CJ and his loving family, finishing his braces. CJ is one of only 0.07% of children in the world diagnosed with autism.
Parents of autistic children are often perplexed by the multitudes of information they receive regarding how to best care for their child’s health. Dental care in autistic children in particular is a topic few professionals know how to handle. Autism, which occurs in approximately 7 out of every 10,000 children, is a developmental brain disorder usually affects a child’s communication, language and social interaction skills, making it quite difficult for many children suffering from autism to thrive in a medical environment.
The factors associated with autism which make dental care particularly difficult are restrictive and compulsive behaviors, like the inability to stay seated for an extended period of time and limited focus and/or interest. Braces pose a particularly unique challenge: the semi-permanent nature of dental braces must remain on the teeth for at least several months (usually longer). Because autistic children often have a hard time reacting to change, they may become alarmed by the presence of dental braces – some autistic children have even forcefully removed their braces themselves with pliars (extremely dangerous). With risks such as these, is it possible for autistic children to handle braces?
The answer is absolutely, if you do your homework. Finding a dental professional who is attuned to the special needs of autistic patients, who has the patience and level of experience to properly (and gently) care for autistic patients is key. Upon taking your autistic child to a new dentist, let your child know the dentist is his or her friend. The dental professional should give a tour of the practice to you and your child, and the dental professional should spend some time with the child (and the parent): a farmiliar environment will help to sooth an autistic child’s mind. For this reason, the first appointment should be short and positive. By using models, your dentist should be able to easily communicate with your child (showing versus telling). Also, stimming (flailing of limbs, rocking, screaming) is common when the senses are overloaded and the child becomes stressed. By eliminating surrounding sounds, people and general “crowdedness,” your dental professional should create a serene and calm environment for you and your child. Finally, autistic children like to know what is happening, and what will happen next. Your dentist should communicate with you and your child during any procedures what is happening.
Choosing the right dental professional for an autistic patient is vital, but once you do, dental braces should not be a problem! A caring spirit and a gentle touch will make all the difference.
“Fluoride, Good or Bad?”
Fluoride treatment is effective with preventing cavities and tooth decay. As a dentist, this is what I have recommended to people who I see can benefit from fluoride treatment’s ability to remineralize and desensitize your teeth. However, I must confess there is risk involved with using fluoride due to its potentially damaging systematic effects.
Fluorine, the ionized form of fluoride is highly active to phosphate ions in your body (where calcium is found in large amounts – like the bones and teeth). In teeth, fluorine combines with the inorganic compound apatite, to form a harder, less water-soluble fluoride salt, which resists the acidic erosion of some oral environments. A pregnant mother’s fluorine intake affects the primary teeth of the fetus. Fluorine intake from fluoridated water (or a fluoride supplement) can also affect teeth in child development of up to around age 8 (making teeth harder and more resistant to decay). Unfortunately, excessive amounts of fluoride can lead to fluorosis, which causes white, brown or black stains (and even pitting) of the teeth, and/or brittle, aching bones and joints. An even darker fact regarding fluoride: many researchers believe it is carcinogenic. Japanese research has shown fluoride as being capable of transforming healthy cells into cancer cells. Additionally, the New Jersey Department of Health has found that young men exposed to fluoridated water have a much higher occurrence rate of bone cancer. Other studies performed by private corporations (Procter & Gamble in particular) have shown fluoride used to fluoridate public water sources significantly increases the chances of genetic damage in its drinkers.
So use fluoride with caution – it is beneficial for cavity prevention and treating tooth sensitivity, but it is for topical use only – do not ingest! Children especially need special care from their parents with undertaking any type of fluoride treatment, no fluoride toothpaste or fluoride should ever be swallowed. If fluoride use is recommended by your doctor or dental professional, calcium supplements (or food rich in calcium like dairy products) are recommended to ensure your bones stay strong and balance out any potential loss of calcium due to fluorine exposure.
There are alternatives for remineralizing your tooth structure, such as calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. If you have any concerns, speak with your dental professional. Remember, the best way to prevent tooth decay is to eat sensibly and keep your mouth sparkling clean by properly brushing and flossing after every meal.
“Where is Your Tooth #8?”
Do you know the names and numbers of your teeth? Can you only say “The pointy one in the top right side!” Let’s get to know your teeth better here; it will make you a better communicator with your dental professional – you’ll even be able to pinpoint specific teeth over the phone!
The universal numbering system, pictured above, identifies each tooth in a person’s mouth with an individual number. This system references all the teeth that should be in your mouth, so if you have wisdom teeth (or other teeth) which have been removed, those numbers still exist. # 1 is your upper right wisdom tooth. Each tooth then progresses up one number all the way across to the 3rd molar (wisdom tooth) on the left side of the mouth (# 16). #17 will be the lower left wisdom tooth, and counting clockwise, the last tooth will be #32, the lower right wisdom tooth.
Because most people do not have 32 teeth, due to wisdom tooth extraction, congenitally missing them or extraction due to un-restorable dental conditions, we will skip over any missing numbers. It is also important to know the names of the teeth! Your front four teeth (7, 8, 9, 10) and your front lower four teeth (23, 24, 25, 26) are incisors. Incisors are mainly used for gripping, cutting and shearing food, and are the first thing a person sees when you flash your smile. Incisors also play a dominant role in speech.
Moving further back are the canines (or cuspids).On the upper jaw, canines are also named “eye teeth” because the long root almost points to the eye socket. They are #6 and 11 (upper jaw) and #22 and 27 (lower jaw). Canine teeth are relatively long and pointed, used primarily for holding food while it is being ripped in the mouth.They are an important guide for the bite of your teeth; usually they are the first to wear away. Once canines are worn, other teeth will wear away quickly.
Behind the canines lie the bicuspids (or premolars), #4, 5, 12, 13 (upper jaw) and #20, 21, 28, 29 (lower jaw). Bicuspids are a sort of “inbetween tooth,” with the properties of both the canine and molar teeth. These teeth transfer food from the canines to the molars for proper grinding.
Finally, the molars make up the rear-most teeth in your mouth. Depending on if you have your wisdom teeth or not, you will have 8 or 12 molars, which lie directly behind the two biscuspids in each quadrant of your mouth, #2, 3, 14, 15 (upper jaw) and #18, 19, 30, 31 (lower jaw). Molars are like a grinding table, carrying out the smashing and grinding of food for digestion.
Next time, try to communicate with your dental professional the name or number of your tooth that is being discussed. It would impress and earn great respect from your dental professional, and would also be the first step to knowing your teeth! Once you know your teeth better, you will likely find taking care of your dental health easier more interesting. If you learn these numbers, you will be one step ahead of most people regarding dental communication!
“Good candy?!”
Imagine being able to suck on a lollipop to benefit your teeth! Imaging a candy approved by your dentist ! A UCLA research team (with Chinese collaboration) has developed a licorice candy which actually destroys the bacteria in your mouth responsible for cavities and tooth decay – without disrupting the healthy, digestive bacteria. Sound amazing? It just might be the future!
Glycyrrhiza uralensis is the magic behind this development, an extract from licorice root which effectively eliminates 99.9% of the mouth’s streptococcus mutans, a significant bacterial contributor to tooth decay (it produces acids which eat away at the protective outer layers of your teeth). The extract, blended into a sugarfree candy lollipop, can be ingested like a normal piece of candy, with no negative side effects noted (at this time). Licorice root also promotes saliva flow, promoting a healthy oral environment. Alternate studies have also shown licorice extract to be capable of relieving pain symptoms associated with canker sores.
Besides the obvious benefits of a convenient, delicious way to fight tooth decay, sugar-free candy produced with licorice root could be a godsend for mothers and parents who can’t get their children to stop eating candy (or who refuse to brush their teeth)! The amount of time it takes for the average person to suck and digest a lollipop was shown to be more than adequate for the root to kill harmful bacteria in the mouth. Chinese medicine has used licorice root for centuries( I grew up in Taiwan, used licorice root for teething, even I had sweet tooth and always rushed with my brushing, did not have cavity problem!) in treating various inflammatory and viral maladies, although western medicine has only recently discovered the benefits of the root.
Although these cavity-fighting candies are only available in Japan and Europe at the moment, it won’t be too long before Americans will be able to prevent cavities with lollipops! More research is necessary before such products will be approved by the FDA.
“What Should I Eat?”
What you eat, and how often you eat foods that are unhealthy for your teeth, determine how likely you are to get cavities and other problems caused by bad diet, like bad breath and even gum disease. As you eat, your mouth begins the first stages of digestion. Healthy bacteria in your saliva convert sugars into acids – good for digestion, bad for your teeth. Plaque is one of the biggest enemies to your mouth, which forms when food particles are allowed to linger around your teeth and gums. This process begins the moment you begin to eat, which is why it is so important to brush and floss after every meal.
A healthy meal for your body and your teeth!
Once a tooth forms, it is subject to our oral environment. Diets consisting of high sugar, starch or acid content can all erode your enamel unless you are exceptionally good keeping up your oral hygiene (brushing and flossing after every meal). The health of gum and bone tissue that supports the teeth is greatly influenced by proper diet that contains nutrients to keep our body healthy.
What should you eat? Natural, organic and unrefined foods. These foods have high nutrient value and less sugar than processed food, and will pose a smaller threat to your teeth. The best food choices include dairy (like milk, cheese and yogurt) and poultry (like chicken and duck). These foods provide your teeth with calcium and phosphorus, which help to form enamel and bone. Crunchy natural foods like nuts and green leafy vegetables or orange-colored fruits will stimulate gum and saliva flow, a natural cavity fighter. These foods also contain beta carotene, which the body turns into vitamin C (essential for your body’s ability to maintain and repair healthy soft tissue). If you cannot eat fruits and vegetables naturally, taking a supplemental vitamin or drink which contains Vitamin C and other antioxidants will help protect your gums against cellular damage, and promote their healing abilities. Unsweetened tea is another great drink which has little impact on your mouth’s health.
Foods which contain high amounts of sugar (like candy and carbohydrate-laden foods like bread, chips, fries and muffins), natural or processed, are a tooth’s worst nightmare! The high sugar content of these foods help bacteria thrive. Breads and starches should be an occasional indulgence: when starches mix with amylase (a natural enzyme in your mouth), acid forms that erodes the enamel of your teeth. Additionally, dry foods like chips and cookies or even dried fruits have a tendency to stick to the surface of your teeth, which also helps bacteria thrive. Acidic sweetened beverages like sodas are the worst type of liquid to expose your teeth to, and can cause tooth erosion, enamel decay and even periodontitis – avoid soda and carbonated beverages at all costs! Artificial sweeteners can be a better alternative to sugar-sweetened drinks, as they do not feed bacteria like natural sugar.
Pregnant? Start right by eating right during pregnancy. Eating sensibly during pregnancy means getting adequate calcium (your body needs Vitamin D to absorb calcium) to form strong teeth and bone, which will give your child a good start also. Fluoride can also be used to prevent tooth decay.
So, eat more vegetables and fruits, avoid sugary foods and drinks, and remember to brush, floss and rinse your mouth (and tongue) after meals. You will be on the road to healthy, brilliant teeth!
“How Do I Get Kissable Breath?”
Halitosis, or bad breath can affect a person’s self-confidence, self-esteem and can be downright embarrassing.
Because most people are accustomed to their own smell, it could be difficult to tell if you have bad breath without someone else’s help. Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are usually the cause of bad breath, which are created when you eat and chew food, when proteins are broken down into amino acids, an important step in digestion. When these compounds are not removed from the oral cavity through proper oral hygiene (brushing and flossing after every meal), bad breath results. Most offending particulates that cause bad breath live on the back of your tongue. Your dentist can use a tool called a halimeter to measure the sulfur levels in your mouth. Bad habits such as drinking or smoking can also cause bad breath, and the offending odor usually lingers long after the cigarette or drink has been consumed. Dry mouth loosening the self-cleansing saliva can also contribute to an odorous mouth.
Most factors contributing to halitosis are self-curable, with proper diet, good oral hygiene and habitually drinking plenty of water. There are, however, a few cases in which bad breath is not self-treatable. Gum disease, cavities or problematic dental restorations trapping bacteria in the crevices around your teeth and gums can cause severe halitosis. Certain medical disorders and sinus or respiratory infections can also lead to bad breath – if you suspect you suffer from any of these maladies, see your dental professional. Although some people believe bad breath can come from the stomach, most medical professionals agree that your tummy is a very unlikely source of bad breath – unless, of course, you are belching.
You do want kissable breath, don’t you? If your bad breath is self-perpetuated, the most important thing to do is keep your oral cavity healthy. In addition to brushing and flossing after meals, be sure to clean your tongue. A tongue scraper will effectively remove all food particles from the surface of your tongue (a toothbrush can be used as well). Avoid foods that are particularly strong in smell (garlic, onions, etc…). Keep yourself hydrated with water (a moist mouth will actually smell better than a dry mouth – sweet baby breath is partly due to constant drooling!), and if you are unable to drink water, chew sugarless gum (which will promote saliva generation). Finally, always have your teeth professionally cleaned and examined twice a year. Essential oil-containing mouthwashes like Tooth and Gum Tonic can also inhibit bad breath for hours and will not dry out your mouth like alcoholic mouthwash, which you should stay away from. Stopping bad habits like drinking and smoking will also benefit your mouth greatly.
“Wisdom Teeth – Save or Extract?”
Only one out of every 25 people get to keep all 32 teeth to chew our food; most of us end up with only 28, and a story to tell about our wisdom teeth!
Anthropologists and evolutionary biologists think the wisdom teeth have become non-functional due to evolution: we do not have the same diet of coarse, rough food that our ancestors did, who had larger active jaw muscles. Evolutionary history lead us to our smaller jaws which can no longer accommodate wisdom teeth.
Wisdom teeth are the third set of molars, which usually start forming around age 10, and emerge in a young adult’s mouth between the age of 17-25, but often they are impacted or blocked by the second molars. Also, if the tooth is partially erupted, food can get trapped in the gum without access to clean. This leads to infection and decay. Wisdom teeth which come in tilted or remain tucked away can also lead to crowding or other problems. Completely impacted wisdom teeth can potentially develop into a cyst, forming a sac of tissue around the tooth leading to bone destruction.
Impacted Wisdom Teeth
Impacted Wisdom Tooth
There are lucky big-jawed or small-toothed people who develop wisdom teeth that function properly, they do not need to see an oral surgeon for extraction, but most of us face the unavoidable trip to the oral surgeon to prevent or treat wisdom teeth complications.
Unfortunately, there are risk factors for removing your wisdom teeth as well. Besides common surgical complications (like swelling, pain and infection), paresthesia (numbness) of the lower jaw, lip, chin or tongue could be quite annoying. If the wisdom teeth are positioned very close to or are intertwined with nerves, the process of extraction can bruise or damage these nerves. Paresthesia is rare and usually temporary, but in some cases can be permanent. Dry socket, when blood of the socket of the extracted tooth fails to coagulate (or a blood clot becomes dislodged due to trauma like sneezing, or playing a musical instrument) can cause irritation, pain and inflammation, but generally heal within a few weeks on their own. To lower the risk factors of extraction, have your wisdom teeth removed at the appropriate time, when the root has formed two-thirds of the way (approximately age 18-24) for easier handling and fewer complications. Because bone density is less developed in teenage years than in later adulthood, it is less resistant, carrying fewer risks of extraction. With age, the jaw becomes dense and extraction becomes increasingly complicated.
So it is very important to have an examination and consultation with your dental professional regarding your specific situation. Clarify the elective removal of wisdom teeth, whether the potential risks associated with the procedure exceed the benefits, or whether it’s time to get them out – for a better environment for the rest of your teeth.
“Can Mouthwash Cause Cancer?!”
If you think mouthwash makes you more kissable, think again!
Don't use alcoholic mouthwash!
Over the counter mouthwash only temporarily masks your bad breath, but the alcohol contained in the mouthwash will dry your mouth out and eventually make your breath worse. Recent studies however have mentioned mouthwash and its potential link to cancer – scary!
Most mouthwash brands contain alcohol in their mouthwash formula. Rinsing your oral environment with any alcoholic substances make it easier for cancer-causing chemicals (like nicotine) to penetrate the oral tissue which lines the mouth, an extreme hazard for smokers. Some mouthwashes even contain alcohol amounts higher than drinks you can purchase in a bar, up to 26% (or 52 proof)! Particularly, ethanol contained in some mouthwash rinses dramatically increase the ability of cancer-causing substances to penetrate the lining of your mouth, and other harmful chemicals such as Acetaldehyde – which forms in a person’s mouth after using alcoholic mouthwash – are suspected to be carcinogenic. Some studies show an increased risk of oral cancer, particularly in the larynx, pharynx or oral cavity, of up to 5 times that of a non-alcoholic-mouthwash user, with alcohol and tobacco user risks even higher of up to 9 times, if alcoholic mouthwashes were used twice daily. Alcohol has long been established as a cancer risk; using alcoholic mouthwash, you have a much higher level of alcohol in your mouth, and combined with swishing it around in your mouth, it carries a very harmful effect on your mouth. More detailed research is necessary to substantiate these claims, but all alcoholic-mouthwash users should take caution.
Keep up your best oral hygiene with good habits: brush and floss twice a day and after every meal (2 minute count-down!), and clean your tongue once a day. Watch what you eat (no more Kimchi), and if you have postnasal drip or airway allergies (or a dry mouth), seek professional help. But what about mouthwash? Although it can benefit your oral cavity for a short period of time, not everyone should be rinsing with mouthwash that contains alcohol, particularly if you’re a smoker.
How do you choose a safe mouthwash? If you enjoy the refreshing sensation from swishing with mouthwash, read the label! There are non-alcoholic mouthwash products that work by neutralizing mouth odors (caused by volatile sulfur compounds) like Oxyfresh, Tom’s Maine Natural Cleaning Mouthwash, BreathRx and Tooth and Gum Tonic (my personal favorite), which is most effective at controlling bad breath. Tooth and Gum Tonic also carries an anti-inflammatory effect from the herbs and essential oil ingredients, which provide therapeutic sensations to gingivitis sufferers. And remember, if you can, quit unhealthy habits like smoking and drinking!
“Dental Anxiety and Fear?”
“Oh no! My tooth is bothering me, hopefully it will stop! I don’t want to see a dentist!”
You feel heat rising to your cheeks, your stomach tying into knots, a fear rising in your mind. Is this you? Dental anxiety is a very common phobia for many people. Not only can this fear be debilitating for a person’s mental well-being, but it can prevent people from receiving cleanings and other necessary dental services, compromising the person’s oral health!
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) describes dental phobia as a “marked and persistent fear that is excessive or unreasonable.” However, there are varying degrees of dental anxiety, from a slight hesitation to full-on fear and loathing. The most common causes of dental anxiety include bad experiences in the past with uncaring dentists, a history of physical abuse (either as a child or as an adult) or a fear of humiliation of the condition of a person’s teeth before visiting the dentist. This anxiety can affect not only a person’s preparedness to visit the dentist but daily life, sparked by even routine brushing and flossing, being reminded of an upcoming dental appointment (or fear to make a future appointment). It is equally important to understand that if you do suffer from dental anxiety, you are not alone! It is estimated that up to 75% of Americans experience some sort of dental fear or anxiety before visiting the dentist. This common anxiety is something that can be cured!
Finding the right dentist is key the key to the cure! Search for a dentist with a caring spirit who is in touch with and understands your fear, who is committed to using the latest pain-free technologies. When choosing a dentist, speak to friends and family in your area. Find out which dental offices can provide spa dentistry, a relaxing and soothing environment, and which dentists in your city are known for quality, pain-free treatment. There are also exercises a person can undertake themselves, on their own time, to help combat dental anxiety; behavioral treatments like breathing exercises, relaxation techniques and cognative thought-based techniques may help your anxiety greatly. By empowering yourself with the right dental practice to service your dental needs, you can stomp out dental anxiety.
You can also try baby steps to be completely comfortable with your dental professional: start off with a consultation and check-up visit, get a feel of the person, communicate and get to know the dental professional. Ask questions as well – lots of fears could come from unknown and uncontrollable situations. Equip yourself with knowledge and trust of your dental professional to relieve some anxiety.
“What Is Spa Dentistry?”
Going to the dentist can be fun and exciting!
Many patients look forward to coming into their dentist’s office to take care of their dental work, but some dental practices take into account the patient’s entire well-being. Yes, we are talking about providing a spa-like environment in the dental office.
The concept behind Spa Dentistry is to build a relaxing, cleansing and recharging dental environment in which a patient can feel safe and comfortable, leaving the office feeling recharged, not drained of energy. Providing a spa-like environment for a patient means not only catering to the mouth, but treating the whole person both physically and psychologically. Apart from attitude, how can this be achieved? Personal services and thoughtful touches to a patient’s treatment environment complimented by a caring, educated and well-trained staff. Services such as reflexology (zone therapy), aromatherapy, movie glasses and noise-canceling headphones (with a full iPod music library), food and drink menu service (including teas and smoothies) and concierge services work together to create a harmonious, energizing environment for the body and mind.
At my practice for example, our famous strawberry smoothies serve several purposes! The cool taste and smooth texture helps alleviate possible discomfort and soreness from work through which we have just put the oral cavity. Its delicious taste will neutralize any lingering taste of dental products used in the oral environment. Also, the immediate energizer (and mood elevator) in a smoothie is really great for those whose mouth has been numbed. When combined with a caring dentist with the right service attitude, little touches like this in spa dentistry combine to create a healthy, comfortable and enriching experience.
I am grateful to work with a wonderful team that has the same caring and “full of life” attitude that embodies this concept of spa dentistry. Relaxing smells, music and laughter make coming to work like going to the spa – even though we are the care takers! Love is in the air, which really makes all the difference.
“Is Soda Harmful to My Teeth?”
While blogging a few days ago on my last entry regarding eating disorders (and hearing the news about “Mountain Dew Syndrome“) I was prompted to discuss how dietary influences affect teeth erosion, which is often overlooked until the detrimental damage has been done – and affects your life!
Yes, all soft drinks (including regular and diet soda, lemonade) and even pickles and salad dressing are acidic, which can potentially cause erosion of your teeth: it’s like the process of creating frosted glass from acid etching.
Approximately two thirds of our body is composed of water, which needs to be continuously replenished. Our body signals us to take in liquid, and it’s up to us to decide which liquid is best for our body. All carbonated soft drinks will lead to dental erosion, but sodas containing citric or phosphoric acid are highly corrosive to teeth. Once the protective enamel layer is eroded (from the acid in a person’s diet), your teeth will become porous. Plaque and staining will set in easily, and your teeth will become much more prone to cavities and sensitivity.
pH (potential of hydrogen) is the unit of measure for any liquid’s acidity. The lower the pH, the higher the acidity of said liquid, and the more damage it will cause to your teeth. Pure water has a pH value of 7. Your mouth averages between 6.2 and 7 pH, with corrosive damage taking place when liquids are consumed below a pH of 5.5 – the average soda carries a pH level of 2.47 – 3.6. Gastric acid and battery acid have a pH of 1.
The typical American drinks over 50 gallons of acidic cola each year – far more than healthier liquids like fruit juice. On average, sodas are up to 10 times more damaging than fruit juice to your teeth’s enamel, according to a study by the Academy of General Dentistry, however the content of common phosphoric and citric acids found in soft drinks are not the only factor that contributes to enamel decay. The sugar, additive and organic acid content of these liquids can all dissolve tooth structure. The leaching effect of phosphoric acid can also weaken your bone. The impact of excess caffeine in soda can potentially raise your blood pressure, and also form habits causing soda addiction. Once a person stops drinking soda after building an addiction, you will suffer symptoms like headache and depression (withdrawal). Children who drink soda regularly are at a substantially higher risk over children who drink milk or water, a much healthier alternative, not only for the teeth but for the well being of the body! Preteens and adolescents, who have underdeveloped tooth enamel, are at an especially high risk and should avoid cola drinks at all costs.
So please, avoid eroding your teeth whenever possible! Things you can do to help your body include substituting soft drinks with water, milk or fruit and veggie sticks, drinking soda with a straw, drinking soda with meals instead of by itself, using fluoride treatment, as well as brushing and flossing soon after eating and drinking. Save your favorite carbonated beverage as an occasional treat – you will save your teeth, your body and your peace of mind.
“What about eating disorders?”
“I am scared! Am I going to loose my teeth?”
I looked at Jenny, as I have with many similar pretty young ladies, and I really felt for her.
“Jenny, you will be fine – you are here to make sure you can have a healthy and beautiful smile. It is challenging, but work with me – together we can get your mouth back in shape.” And we did.
Jenny is not alone. Among the susceptible figure-conscious young female group, eating disorders are quite common, and teeth erosion is a side effect of the acidic oral environment resulting from either purging or a poor diet.
Eating disorders, including bulimia (binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting), anorexia and poor dieting habits carry side effects which are detrimental to your bodily and mental well being – they can also rot your teeth. Studies have shown that up to 2.1% of males and 7.3% of females purge (self-induced vomiting) at least once a week, and the numbers are even higher for adolescents.
Tooth surface loss from erosion caused by chemicals such as dietary, gastric or environmental acids typically wear away tooth enamel, which leads to sensitive teeth, caries or gum disease. If untreated, these effects can exacerbate leading to teeth grinding and gastric reflux disease. Soft tissue lesions, malnutrition, a suppressed immune system, low self-esteem, an addictive personality (smoking, drinking or drugs), peptic ulcers and esophagitis are common among people who suffer from bulimia and anorexia. Oral damage from such disorders can include a severe breakdown of the teeth or their supporting structures which can affect the facial muscular system, negatively affecting your daily quality of life; the effort to restore a damaged mouth can become extremely challenging and costly.
Treatment of the problem, besides education and being supportive to the person suffering from the disorder, involves precise dental management; controlling the oral environment, drinking water or healthier juice instead of diet soda, eating healthier (as opposed to binge eating and purging) are all part of the solution. Getting prescription strength fluoride from your dentist to harden and desensitize your teeth and maintaining your oral hygiene by brushing and flossing at least twice a day is also crucial. if you regurgitate or vomit, rinse your mouth out right away. Adding baking soda to your brushing can also neutralize the acidic environment.
Regarding dental treatment, additive composite bonding to cover exposed dentin or to replace lost tooth surface is a possibility. Getting a custom-fitted night guard to prevent further loss of tooth structure from bruxism and maybe veneers or crowns to restore your mouth to ideal health are other possibilities. Of course, a professional assessment would be the first step of the process. The earlier you start treating the problem the better. A healthy mouth is essential for a healthy life.
“How Can I Treat My Missing Tooth?”
It is exciting when you are loosing your baby teeth and welcoming in your permanent adult teeth, but that should be the end of a person’s teeth loss! For the majority of us, we need 28 teeth to support our facialmuscular system. If one tooth is missing, it could lead to a physiological domino effect, in which a simple problem becomes exacerbated. A missing front tooth is unthinkable to live with – it must be restored ASAP. A missing back tooth, however, is sometimes ignored. This can lead to surrounding teeth shifting and tilting, during which the dentition can later cause gum, tooth and bite problems. At that point, restoring the mouth is not only a one-tooth job, but concerns multiple teeth, gum and bone. It is much easier to handle one missing tooth and not deal with such tremendous consequences.
What are the causes of missing teeth? Congenital missing teeth (teeth which never formed), severely broken down and non-restorable teeth due to dental diseases, lack of supporting bone for teeth due to advanced gum disease and physical trauma from a serious mouth injury are all common reasons. Once you do loose a tooth, your oral environment is severely affected! Besides smile-phobia, speech impairment for missing front teeth, diet complications (in which you can’t properly bite and chew food – especially with foods rich in fiber which require a good set of teeth to digest), and bite force can all be severely affected. Shift and tilt on existing teeth when the jaw exerts pressure lead to uneven loading creates jaw tension and possible accelerated wear and tear of the teeth. Additionally, tilted and shifted teeth make it more difficult to clean , which can lead to tooth decay and gum disease.
Thankfully, dentistry has greatly advanced in recent times, and you do have multiple treatment options for a missing tooth! If just one tooth is missing, dental implants are a great option which can replace the missing tooth without affecting the adjacent teeth, and preserve the bone as well. Dental implants are made of bio-compatible titanium, which are surgically placed into the jaw to preplace the missing root structure. Then, a post and crown is built on top of the implant. Other options include a dental bridge, which needs capping (a crown) of neighboring teeth to help support the artificial tooth replacing the missing one. It is stationary and feels natural (if made properly), but connected teeth need a special tool for flossing. Full or partial dentures are generally the least expensive treatment option, especially if many or all of a person’s teeth are missing. This option involves false teeth being set into a plastic base, which fits over your gums.
What will be the best treatment option for you? Please consult with your dental professional, the sooner the better!
